گرامر زمان گذشته کامل

PAST PERFECT

RAISED BY WOLVES

At just six years old, Marcos had been sold by his father to an old shepherd.

Had Marcos been sold by his mother to an old shepherd? No, Marcos hadn’t been sold by his mother. He had been sold by his father to an old shepherd.

Marcos and the shepherd had lived together on the mountainside until the old man suddenly died, leaving Marcos all alone in Spain’s Sierra Morena Mountains.

Had Marcos always lived alone? No, Marcos hadn’t always lived alone. He lived together with the shepherd, until the old man suddenly died.

In the beginning, Marcos had survived by catching rabbits and partridges for food using traps he made out of leaves and sticks.

How had Marcos survived in the beginning? Marcos had survived in the beginning by catching rabbits and partridges for food.

Soon, he had begun to use animals as guides leading him to unexpected sources of food.

Who had he begun to use as guides? He had begun to use animals as guides.

For example, when the wild boars smelled tubers, they began to dig with their snouts. Marcos had learned that if he threw a stone towards the digging boars, they would run away and then he could quickly gather the remaining wild tubers.

What had Marcos learned about how to find wild tubers? Marcos had learned that if he threw a stone towards the digging boars, they would run away and then he could quickly gather the remaining wild tubers.

Marcos had developed special bonds with certain animals and he had begun feeling less alone in the mountains.

Who had developed special bonds with certain animals? Marcos had developed special bonds with certain animals.

The most special bond of all had been his bond with the wolves.

Had the most special bond of all been his bond with the wolves? Yes, the most special bond of all had been his bond with the wolves.

One day not long after the shepherd died, Marcos had wandered into a cave.

Where had Marcos wandered? Marcos had wandered into a cave.

Inside, he found a pack of wolf cubs. Though at first he had been frightened, he entered anyway and even began to play with the cubs.

How had he felt at first? At first, he had felt frightened.

He had played with the cubs until he grew tired and eventually fell asleep inside the dark cave.

Had he played with the cubs for a long time when he eventually fell asleep? Yes, he had played with the cubs for a long time when he eventually fell asleep.