مکالمه ی فعالانه قسمت ب

Active Speaking B

Going against the flow often takes courage, but sometimes being different is just an accident of nature.

What often takes courage? Going against the flow often takes courage. What is sometimes just an accident of nature? Being different is sometimes just an accident of nature.

There are a million plus asteroids in our solar system, and almost all of them circle the sun in one direction.

How many asteroids are there in our solar system? There a million plus asteroids in our solar system. Do all of them circle the sun in one direction? No, all of them don’t circle the sun in one direction, but almost all of them circle the sun in one direction.

Like running water, they follow the same counterclockwise path around the sun.

What kind of path do they follow around the sun? They follow the same counterclockwise path around the sun.

Fewer than 100 asteroids buck this trend.

How many asteroids buck this trend? Fewer than 100 asteroids buck this trend.

These odd asteroids are called retrograde asteroids because they travel backward around the sun.

What are they called? They are called retrograde asteroids. Why are they called retrograde asteroids? They are called retrograde asteroids because they travel backward around the sun.

A lone asteroid discovered in January 2015 named ‘BZ’ is one of them.

What is the asteroid named? The asteroid is named BZ. When was BZ discovered? BZ was discovered in 2015.

BZ is just one of the .001 percent of asteroids that travel the wrong way.

What percent of asteroids travel the wrong way? Point 001 percent of asteroids travel the wrong way.

And it is the only retrograde asteroid that crosses into the path of a planet.

Is it the only asteroid that circles the sun? No, it’s not the only asteroid that circles the sun. It is the only retrograde asteroid that crosses into the path of a planet.

During its orbit of the Sun, BZ twice crosses paths with Jupiter, but it never collides with the planet or the 6,000 asteroids that travel with it.

How many times does BZ cross paths with Jupiter during its orbit of the sun? BZ crosses paths with Jupiter twice during its orbit of the Sun. What does it never collide with? It never collides with the planet or the 6,000 asteroids that travel with it.

Dr. Paul Wieger explained that BZ is “…playing a cosmic game of ‘chicken’ with the giant planet Jupiter.”

Who is playing a cosmic game of chicken with Jupiter? BZ is playing a cosmic game of chicken with Jupiter. Who said this? Dr. Paul Wieger said this.

For over a million years, BZ has been avoiding a collision.

How long has BZ been avoiding a collision? BZ has been avoiding a collision for over a million years.

Going against the flow doesn’t always work out so well for humans. Sometimes it can cost you your life.

What doesn’t always work out so well for humans? Going against the flow doesn’t always work out so well for humans. What does it sometimes cost you? It sometimes costs you your life.

One day in 399 BC an old man in Ancient Greece stood before the court.

What did he stand before? He stood before the court. Did he stand before the court in Ancient Rome? No, he didn’t stand before the court in Ancient Rome. He stood before the court in Ancient Greece. Who stood before the court in Ancient Greece? An old man stood before the court in Ancient Greece. When did an old man stand before the court in Ancient Greece? One day in 399 BC an old man in Ancient Greece stood before the court.

Socrates was on trial for refusing to recognize the gods recognized by the state.

Was he on trial for refusing to recognize the gods recognized by the state? Yes, he was on trial for refusing to recognize the gods recognized by the state.

The 70-year-old was also accused of “corrupting the youth.”

What was he also accused of? He was also accused of “corrupting the youth.”

Hundreds of Athenians watched as the man named Socrates was accused of a crime punishable by death.

What was the crime punishable by? The crime was punishable by death. Did many people watch the trial? Yes, hundreds of Athenians watched the trial.

Socrates is now regarded as the father of Western philosophy, but in 399 BC he was considered a public enemy and a menace to society.

Who was considered a public enemy and a menace to society? Socrates was considered a public enemy and a menace to society. How is Socrates regarded now? Socrates is now regarded as the father of Western philosophy.

During Socrates’ lifetime, his native city of Athens was a shadow of its former glory.

What was a shadow of its former glory? His native city of Athens was a shadow of its former glory.

It had suffered a heavy defeat by Sparta in the Peloponnesian War.

Who had suffered a heavy defeat by Sparta? Athens had suffered a heavy defeat by Sparta.

It was in a period of instability and was very materialistic.

Was Socrates very materialistic? No, Socrates wasn’t very materialistic. Athens was very materialistic. Was Athens in a period of instability? Yes, Athens was in a period of instability.

Socrates believed Athens was obsessed with physical beauty and wealth.

What did Socrates believe Athens was obsessed with? Socrates believed Athens was obsessed with physical beauty and wealth.

Socrates was short, stubby, had bulging eyes and a snub nose.

What did Socrates look like? Socrates was short, stubby, had bulging eyes and a snub nose.

He was a far cry from the ideal of Athenian masculinity.

Who was a far cry from the ideal of Athenian masculinity? Socrates was a far cry from the ideal of Athenian masculinity.

The philosopher lived in poverty and believed the mind was far more important than the body.

Did he live a rich life? No, he didn’t live a rich life. He lived in poverty. What did he believe was more important than the body? He believed the mind was far more important than the body.